The Madani Surahs, also known as Surah Madaniyah, are the chapters of the Quran that were revealed in Medina after Prophet Muhammad’s migration (hijrah) from Mecca. There are a total of 28 Madani Surah in Quran, which were revealed during a period when the Muslim community was larger and more established in Medina compared to its earlier years in Mecca.
When Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) went to Madina, the Surahs revealed they focused on making Islamic laws, rules about money, being good, family rules, morals, and how Islam and Muslims relate to other religions. In these Surahs, the main thing talked about is “jihad” or how to do it.
Important Features of Madani Surah in Quran:
- Time of Revelation: Revealed during Prophet Muhammad’s stay in Medina after the Hijra.
- Focus: Madani Surah in Quran mainly covers social laws, governance, and advice on how Muslims should interact with each other (Ummah). They also discuss topics like warfare, treaties, and family matters.
- Style and Length: Typically lengthier and more elaborate, concentrating on legal and societal matters.
- Intended Audience: Meant for the Muslim community in Medina, comprising both the Ansar (locals) and the Muhajirun (migrants from Mecca).
How many Madani Surah in Quran?
There are 28 Madani Surahs and here is the list of Madani Surah in Quran:
| Al-Baqarah (286) | Al-Imran (200) | An-Nisa (176) | Al-Ma’idah (120) |
| Al-Anfal (177) | At-Tawbah (129) | Ar-Ra’d (43) | Al-Hajj (78) |
| An-Nur (64) | Al-Ahzab (73) | Muhammad (38) | Al-Fath (29) |
| Al-Hujurat (18) | Surah Rahman (78) | Al-Hadid (29) | Al-Mujadilah (22) |
| Al-Hashr (24) | Al-Mumtahanah (13) | As-Saff (14) | Al-Jumu’ah (11) |
| Al-Munafiqun (11) | At-Taghabun (18) | At-Talaq (12) | Al-Tahrim (12) |
| Al-Insan (31) | Al-Bayyinah (8) | Az-Zalzalah (8) | An-Nasr (3) |
Why was the Quran divided into Makki and Madani?
The Quran was divided into Makki and Madani based on when it was revealed: Makki refers to the verses revealed before Prophet Muhammad’s migration to Medina, while Madani refers to those revealed after his migration.
This classification helps us understand the context and audience of the verses. By knowing when the verses were revealed, we can better grasp their intended meanings and avoid misinterpretation.